Multimodal treatment for ADHD
Multimodal ADHD treatment
The Australian National Clinical Guidelines for ADHD recommends medication as as primary treatment for ADHD. The guidelines also states that "Combined pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment was better than either alone. Each mode was more effective than the other in targeting specific aspects of ADHD: Pharmacological treatments were more effective for reducing core ADHD symptoms, and non-pharmacological treatments were more effective for improving functional outcomes for people with ADHD.
Therapies for ADHD
The following are the recommendations from the Australian ADHD clinical guidelines for a multimodal approach in the treatment of ADHD.
- Stimulant or non-stimulant medication
- Parent psychoeducation and Counselling
- Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
- Family therapy
- Diet & Nutrition if needed
Stimulant or non-stimulant medication
Stimulant medications: Clinical reviews highlight that stimulants provide symptom relief for many children and adults, with improvements in behavioural control, social functioning, and academic performance for many individuals diagnosed with ADHD. Side effects such as appetite suppression and sleep disturbances occur, and need to be carefully monitored and appropriately dosed (Journal of Attention Disorders).
Non-stimulant medications, offer an alternative for those who cannot tolerate stimulants or for whom stimulants are ineffective. These agents can be helpful for individuals with coexisting conditions like tics, anxiety, or a history of substance misuse, where stimulants may not be suitable (CNS Spectrums; Psychiatry (Edgmont)).
As recommended in the guidelines, all treatments come with risks and benefits, and individual results may vary. Please consult a medical professional for advice tailored to your circumstances.
”Medication decisions are made by a paediatrician or psychiatrist. The following information is provided for general understanding only. Psychologists at this clinic focus on the non-pharmacological components of treatment listed below."
Parent Psychoeducation and Counselling
Parents are provided with information about ADHD, including its symptoms, causes, and what to expect as their child grows. Counselling offers emotional support, guidance on parenting strategies, and helps parents manage their own stress. The goal is to empower families to respond constructively to challenges and build a supportive environment for the child.
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)
CBT for ADHD focusses on helping children or adolescents develop better self-control, manage impulsivity, and improve organisational skills. It teaches practical techniques for coping with distractions, planning tasks, and managing emotions. Therapy often includes skill-building exercises and homework, with progress reviewed regularly.
Family Therapy
Family therapy involves working with the whole family to improve communication, solve problems, and reduce conflict. The therapist helps family members understand each other’s perspectives and strengthens relationships. This approach can address issues such as sibling rivalry, parental stress, and overall family functioning, making day-to-day life smoother for everyone.
Diet and Lifestyle (from Dietitian or Nutritionist)
If deemed necessary, dietitians or nutritionists can assess dietary habits and recommend adjustments that may support overall health and wellbeing in children with ADHD. They might address issues like irregular eating patterns, nutrient deficits, or sensitivities to certain foods. Advice often extends to lifestyle factors such as sleep routines and physical activity, aiming to optimise daily functioning.
Updated on 03/03/2026 by Dr Jacques Duff- BA Psych; Grad Dip Applied Psychology PhD; MAPS
Reviewed on: 05/03/2026 by: Bernard Ferriere- Clinical Psychologist; BA; Grad Dip Applied Psychology; Dip Clinical Hypnosis; MAPS